基于JavaScript实现十五拼图代码实例

顾名思义，十五拼图就是将游戏画面中的数字从上到下，从左到右按顺序从1到15排列下来，看起来很简单，但是玩起来不容易。

css代码

body {
  font-family: cursive;
  font-size: 14pt;
  text-align: center;
}

#puzzlearea {
  height: 400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: relative;
  width: 400px;
}

.highlight {
  border-color: red;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.puzzletile {
  background-image: url("../background.jpg");
  border: 5px solid black;
  position: absolute;
}

.highlight, #output {
  color: red;
}

.puzzletile, #output {
  font-size: 40pt;
}

html代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>CSE 154 Fifteen Puzzle</title>
  <!-- your files that you will write -->
  <link href="css/fifteen.css" rel="external nofollow" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
  <script src="js/fifteen.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

</head>
<body>
<h1>Fifteen Puzzle</h1>

<p>
  The goal of the fifteen puzzle is to un-jumble its fifteen squares
  by repeatedly making moves that slide squares into the empty space.
  How quickly can you solve it?
</p>

<div id="puzzlearea">
  <!--
    this area holds the actual fifteen puzzle pieces
    add to it as you need to
  -->
</div>

<p id="controls">
  <button id="shufflebutton">Shuffle</button>
</p>

<div id="output"></div>

<p>
  American puzzle author and mathematician Sam Loyd is often falsely
  credited with creating the puzzle; indeed, Loyd claimed from 1891
  until his death in 1911 that he invented it.
  The puzzle was actually created around 1874 by Noyes Palmer Chapman,
  a postmaster in Canastota, New York.
</p>
</body>
</html>

JavaScript代码

(function () {
  "use strict";

  let NUM = 4; //拼图的行列数 the number of rows/cols in the puzzle
  let spaceRow = 3; // 空白图块所在行
  let spaceColumn = 3; // 空白图块所在列
  let WIDTH = 100; // the pixel width/height of each tile

  // gets everything set when the window has loaded
  window.onload = function () {
   setSize();
   document.getElementById("select").onchange = changeSize;
   document.getElementById("shufflebutton").onclick = shuffle;
   createSquares();

  };

  // add a drop-down list to select difficulty level
  // 设置下拉列表 默认选中 option4
  function setSize() {
   var select = document.createElement("select");
   select.id = "select";
   for (var i = 3; i < 7; i++) {
     var option = document.createElement("option");
     option.innerHTML = i + " * " + i;
     option.value = i;
     option.id = "option" + i;
     select.appendChild(option);
   }
   document.getElementById("controls").appendChild(select);
   document.getElementById("option4").selected = "selected";
  }


  function changeSize() {
   NUM = this.value;
   spaceRow = this.value - 1;
   spaceColumn = this.value - 1;
   WIDTH = parseInt(400 / this.value);
   var puzzlearea = document.getElementById("puzzlearea");
   while (puzzlearea.contains(document.querySelector(".puzzletile"))) {
     puzzlearea.removeChild(document.querySelector(".puzzletile"));
   }
   createSquares();
  }

  // creates 15 puzzle tiles and sets them to their initial position
  function createSquares() {
   for (var i = 1; i < NUM * NUM; i++) {
     var div = document.createElement("div");
     div.className = "puzzletile";
     div.innerHTML = i;
     var row = Math.floor((i - 1) / NUM);
     var column = (i - 1) % NUM;
     var x = column * -1 * WIDTH + "px";
     var y = row * -1 * WIDTH + "px";

     // 减去边框的宽度 并且宽高相等
     div.style.height = WIDTH - 10 + "px";
     div.style.width = div.style.height;
     // 设置background 的 position
     div.style.backgroundPosition = x + " " + y;
     // 为每个拼图添加ID
     div.id = "square_" + row + "_" + column;
     // 设置水平和垂直方向的偏移量
     div.style.top = row * WIDTH + "px";
     div.style.left = column * WIDTH + "px";
     setEvents(div);
     document.getElementById("puzzlearea").appendChild(div);
   }
  }

  // shuffles puzzle tiles for 1000 times
  function shuffle() {
   // 实现Shuffle算法
   for (let j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
     let neigbors = [];
     // 将所有的拼图 存储到 allPuzzles中
     let allPuzzles = document.getElementsByClassName("puzzletile");
     // 将与空白图块相邻的拼图 存储到数组neigbors中
     for (let i = 0; i < allPuzzles.length; i++) {
      // 判断拼图是否可以移动
      if (moveable(allPuzzles[i]))
        neigbors.push(allPuzzles[i]);
      }
     // 得到一个随机的索引
     let ranNum = getRandomIntInclusive(0, neigbors.length - 1);
     // 获取需要移动的拼图移动之前的偏移量
     let tempTop = neigbors[ranNum].style.top;
     let tempLeft = neigbors[ranNum].style.left;
     // 将拼图移动到空白图块处
     neigbors[ranNum].style.top = spaceRow * WIDTH + "px";
     neigbors[ranNum].style.left = spaceColumn * WIDTH + "px";
     neigbors[ranNum].id = "square_" + spaceRow + "_" + spaceColumn;
     // 更改空白图块的位置
     spaceRow = parseInt(tempTop) / WIDTH;
     spaceColumn = parseInt(tempLeft) / WIDTH;
   }


  }

  // 获取指定区间的随机数
  function getRandomIntInclusive(min, max) {
   min = Math.ceil(min);
   max = Math.floor(max);
   return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
  }

  // sets up events for all puzzle tiles
  function setEvents(div) {
   div.onmouseover = function () {
     if (moveable(this)) {
      this.classList.add("highlight"); // when mouse over, adds class "highlight"
     }
   };
   div.onmouseout = function () {
     // when mouse out, removes class "highlight"
     if (moveable(this)) {
      this.classList.remove("highlight"); // when mouse out, remove class "highlight"
     }
   };
   div.onclick = helper;
  }

  // a helper function for function "makeAMove"
  // displays "congratulations" if the player wins
  function helper() {
   if (moveable(this)) {
     makeAMove(this);
     if (win()) {
      document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = "Congratulations! You win!";
     } else {
      document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = "";
     }
   }
  }

  // make one move for the given tile
  function makeAMove(div) {

   div.id = "square_" + spaceRow + "_" + spaceColumn;
   var divRow = parseInt(div.style.top) / WIDTH;
   var divColumn = parseInt(div.style.left) / WIDTH;

   div.style.top = spaceRow * WIDTH + "px";
   div.style.left = spaceColumn * WIDTH + "px";
   spaceRow = divRow;
   spaceColumn = divColumn;

  }

  // return true if the given tile is moveable
  function moveable(div) {

   var divRow = parseInt(div.style.top) / WIDTH;
   var divColumn = parseInt(div.style.left) / WIDTH;
   if (spaceRow == divRow) {
     return Math.abs(spaceColumn - divColumn) == 1;
   }
   else if (spaceColumn == divColumn) {
     return Math.abs(spaceRow - divRow) == 1;
   }
   else {
     return false;
   }
  }

  // return true if all tiles are at their original positions
  function win() {
   var tiles = document.querySelectorAll(".puzzletile");
   for (var i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) {
     var row = Math.floor(i / NUM);
     var column = i % NUM;
     if (tiles[i].id != "square_" + row + "_" + column) {
      console.log(tiles[i].id);
      return false;
     }
   }
   return true;
  }
})();

最后的效果

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